Abstract
Thermal hydraulic (TH) analysis of nuclear power reactors is utmost important. In this way, the numerical codes that preparing TH data in reactor core are essential. In this paper, a subchannel analysis of a Russian pressurized water reactor (WWER1000) core with enhanced numerical code is carried out. For this, in fluid domain, the mass, axial and lateral momentum and energy conservation equations for desired control volume are solved, numerically. In the solid domain, the cylindrical heat transfer equation for calculation of radial temperature profile in fuel, gap and clad with finite difference and finite element solvers are considered. The dependence of material properties to fuel burnup with Calza-Bini fuel-gap model is implemented. This model is coupled with Isotope Generation and Depletion Code (ORIGEN2.1). The possibility of central hole consideration in fuel pellet is another advantage of this work. In addition, subchannel to subchannel and subchannel to rod connection data in hexagonal fuel assembly geometry could be prepared, automatically. For a demonstration of code capability, the steady state TH analysis of a the WWER1000 core is compromised with Thermal-hydraulic analysis code (COBRA-EN). By thermal hydraulic parameters averaging Fuel Assembly-to-Fuel Assembly method, the one sixth (symmetry) of the Boushehr Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP) core with regular subchannels are modeled. Comparison between the results of the work and COBRA-EN demonstrates some advantages of the presented code. Using the code the thermal modeling of the fuel rods with considering the fission gas generation would be possible. In addition, this code is compatible with neutronic codes for coupling. This method is faster and more accurate for symmetrical simulation of the core with acceptable results.
Key Words
numerical method; thermal hydraulics; energy and power plant; nuclear energy
Address
Majid Bahonar: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Mahdi Aghaie: Department of Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C, P.O.Box 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Energy is a major component of almost all economic, production, and service activities, and rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization have led to ever growing demand for energy. Limited energy resources and increasingly evident environmental effects of fossil fuel consumption has led to a growing awareness about the importance of further use of renewable energy sources in the countries energy portfolio. Renewable hydrogen production is a convenient method for storage of unstable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy for use in other place or time. In this study, suitability of 25 cities located in Iran\'s western region for renewable hydrogen production are evaluated by multi-criteria decision making techniques including TOPSIS, VIKOR, ELECTRE, SAW, Fuzzy TOPSIS, and also hybrid ranking techniques. The choice of suitable location for the centralized renewable hydrogen production is associated with various technical, economic, social, geographic, and political criteria. This paper describes the criteria affecting the hydrogen production potential in the study region. Determined criteria are weighted with Shannon entropy method, and Angstrom model and wind power model are used to estimate respectively the solar and wind energy production potential in each city and each month. Assuming the use of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer for hydrogen production, the renewable hydrogen production potential of each city is then estimated based on the obtained wind and solar energy generation potentials. The rankings obtained with MCDMs show that Kermanshah is the best option for renewable hydrogen production, and evaluation of renewable hydrogen production capacities show that Gilangharb has the highest capacity among the studied cities.
Key Words
renewable energy; multi-criteria decision making; solar energy; wind energy; ranking; renewable hydrogen
Address
Ali Mostafaeipour and Erfan Jooyandeh: Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University Yazd, Iran
Abstract
In this study, the use of a micro gas turbine system using biogas to supply heating, cooling and electricity loads of a rural building located in rural area around Tehran has been studied. Initially, the amount of energy needed by the farmhouse was calculated and then the number of needed microturbines was determined. Accordingly, the amount of substances entering biogas digester as well as tank volume were determined. The results of this study showed that village house loads including electrical, heating and cooling and hot water loads can be supplied by using a microturbine with a nominal power of 30 kW and 33.5 m3/day of biogas. Digester tank and reservoir tank volumes are 67 m3 and 31.2 m3, respectively. The cost of electricity produced by this system is 0.446 US$/kWh. For rural area in Iran, this system is not compatible with micro gas turbine and IC engine system use urban natural gas due to low price of natural gas in Iran, but it can be compatible by wind turbine, photovoltaic and hybrid system (wind turbine& photovoltaic) systems.
Key Words
biogas; micro turbine; technical; feasibility; electricity; loads; cost
Address
Gh. Rajaei and F. Atabi: Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Science and Research Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Tehran 13967-33364, Iran
M.A.Ehyaei: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis New City 14778-93855, Iran
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate and prioritize ten different sites in Iran\'s Khorasan provinces for the construction of wind farm. After studying the geography of the sites, nine criteria; including wind power, topography, wind direction, population, distance from power grid, level of air pollution, land cost per square meter, rate of natural disasters, and distance from road network-are selected for the analysis. Prioritization is performed using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The developed DEA model is validated through value engineering based on the results of brainstorming sessions. The results show that the order of priority of ten assessed candidate sites for installing wind turbines is Khaf, Afriz, Ghadamgah, Fadashk, Sarakhs, Bojnoord, Nehbandan, Esfarayen, Davarzan, and Roudab. Additionally, the outcomes extracted from the value engineering method identify the city of Khaf as the best candidate site. Six different wind turbines (7.5 to 5,000 kW) are considered in this location to generate electricity. Regarding an approach to produce and store hydrogen from wind farm installed in the location, the AREVA M5000 wind turbine can produce approximately 337 ton-H2 over a year. It is an enormous amount that can be used in transportation and other industries.
Key Words
hydrogen production; wind turbine; data envelopment analysis (DEA); rioritization; Khorasan provinces
Address
Ali Mostafaeipour: Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Fateme Arabi: Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Naragh, Kashan, Iran
Mojtaba Qolipour: Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Shahaboldin Shamshirband: 1.) Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
2.) Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Omid Alavi: Department of Electrical Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Ali Mostafaeipour, Ahmad Sedaghat, Mojtaba Qolipour, Mostafa Rezaei, Hamid R. Arabnia, Mohammad Saidi-Mehrabad, Shahaboddin Shamshirband and Omid Alavi
Abstract
This research presents an in-depth analysis of location planning of the solar-hydrogen power plants for electricity production in different cities situated in Kerman province of Iran. Ten cities were analyzed in order to select the most suitable location for the construction of a solar-hydrogen power plant utilizing photovoltaic panels. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology was applied to prioritize cities for installing the solar-hydrogen power plant so that one candidate location was selected for each city. Different criteria including population, distance to main road, flood risk, wind speed, sunshine hours, air temperature, humidity, horizontal solar irradiation, dust, and land costare used for the analysis. From the analysis, it is found that among the candidates\' cities, the site of Lalezar is ranked as the first priority for the solar-hydrogen system development. A measure of validity is obtained when results of the DEA method are compared with the results of the technique for ordering preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Applying TOPSIS model, it was found that city of Lalezar ranked first, and Rafsanjan gained last priority for installing the solar-hydrogen power plants. Cities of Baft, Sirjan, Kerman, Shahrbabak, Kahnouj, Shahdad, Bam, and Jiroft ranked second to ninth, respectively. The validity of the DEA model is compared with the results of TOPSIS and it is demonstrated that the two methods produced similar results. The solar-hydrogen power plant is considered for installation in the city of Lalezar. It is demonstrated that installation of the proposed solar-hydrogen system in Lalezar can lead to yearly yield of 129 ton-H2 which covers 4.3% of total annual energy demands of the city.
Key Words
data envelopment analysis (DEA); hydrogen production; location planning; solar energy
Address
Ali Mostafaeipour, Mojtaba Qolipour and Mostafa Rezaei: Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Ahmad Sedaghat: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
Hamid R. Arabnia: Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
Mohammad Saidi-Mehrabad: Department of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
Shahaboddin Shamshirband: Department of Management & Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Vietnam
Omid Alavi: Department of Electrical Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
